Albarkatun Aluminum
Mutane da yawa sukan yi tunanin cewa baƙin ƙarfe shine ƙarfe mafi yawa a cikin ɓawon burodi na duniya. Haƙiƙa, aluminum shine ƙarfe mafi yawa a cikin ɓawon burodin ƙasa, sannan ƙarfe na biye da shi. Aluminum yana da kashi 7.45% na nauyin nauyin ɓawon ƙasa, kusan sau biyu. kamar yadda baƙin ƙarfe! Ƙasa tana cike da mahadi na aluminum, kamar ƙasa na yau da kullum, wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin aluminum oxide, Al2O3. Mafi mahimmancin tama shine bauxite. Abinda ya faru na bauxite a duniya za a iya raba kusan kashi uku: Cenozoic. adibas na baya akan duwatsun silicic, wanda ke lissafin kusan kashi 80% na jimlar ajiyar duniya;Paleozoic karstic adibas da ke faruwa a sama da duwatsun carbonate sun kai kusan kashi 12% na jimlar ajiyar duniya; ajiyar Paleozoic (ko Mesozoic) Chihewen adibas, wanda ke faruwa a sama da terrane, yana da kusan kashi 2% na jimlar ajiyar duniya.
Aluminum Properties
Aluminum memba ne na azurfa kuma mai yuwuwa a cikin rukunin sinadarai na boron.
Aluminum ya zama karfen da ba a yi amfani da shi ba saboda juriyar lalatawar sa saboda wucewa, ƙarancin yawa, ƙarancin tashin hankali da halayensa na samar da gami da abubuwan sinadarai iri-iri kamar su jan karfe, zinc, manganese, silicon da magnesium, waɗanda suka yi yawa sosai. ingantattun kayan aikin injiniya.Aluminum ƙaramin ƙarfe ne wanda ba ya wanzu a cikin yanayi a matsayin ƙasa mai mahimmanci, amma a cikin nau'in fili na aluminum oxide (Al2O3).Al2O3 yana da babban wurin narkewa kuma ba shi da sauƙin ragewa, wanda ya sa aka gano aluminum a ƙarshen 1825, masanin kimiyyar Danish Ostete ya rage ƙarancin aluminum chloride da potassium amalgam, ƴan milligrams na ƙarfe aluminum.
A shekara ta 1954, masanin kimiyya dan kasar Faransa De Vere ya yi nasarar yin amfani da hanyar rage sodium don samun karfen aluminum, amma karfen aluminum da ake samarwa ta hanyar sinadarai ya fi zinare tsada, kuma ana amfani da shi ne kawai don kera kwalkwali, teburi, kayan wasan yara da sauran kayayyaki masu daraja da Napoleon ke amfani da shi. dangin sarauta.Tare da ƙirƙirar tsarin narke Hall-Heru da tsarin Bayer don samar da alumina, aluminum ya fara amfani da shi sosai a ƙarshen karni na 19. Har wa yau, waɗannan hanyoyin guda biyu har yanzu sune manyan (hakika kusan kawai) hanyoyin samar da aluminum da alumina.
Tsarin Samar da Aluminum
Aluminum abun ciki yana da wadata sosai a cikin nau'in halitta, babban masana'antar don bauxite tama, tsarin bauxite ta hanyar bayer kamar tsarin gyaran gyare-gyare na alumina, alumina ta electrolytic aluminum smelting as (wanda kuma aka sani da aluminum), don haka masana'antar aluminium a cikin sarkar masana'antar sama. za a iya raba bauxite ma'adinai, alumina refining - uku links kamar aluminum smelting, a general, hudu ton na bauxite zai iya samar da ton biyu na alumina, wanda bi da bi zai iya samar da daya ton na primary aluminum.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-15-2021